We all have our fears when pregnant; is the baby going to make the 9 months? Is the baby healthy? Does the baby have the right number of fingers and toes? Does the baby have Down syndrome? In the first trimester, mothers tend to visit their obstetrician many times for regular checkups. But one of the most important checkups is the first trimester screening. The first trimester screening will measure the risk of chromosomal abnormalities, like Down syndrome. Chromosomes are thread-like structures that contain most of our genetic material. If abnormalities occur in chromosome numbers or position the person would have specific chromosomal features like Down syndrome. Down syndrome causes lifelong impairments in mental and social development, as well as various physical concerns. First trimester screening results only indicate whether you have an increased risk of carrying a baby who has Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormalities.

The first-trimester screening has two components:

1- A blood test

that measures the level of two specific hormones which needs to be performed in the third month of pregnancy (11 – 14 weeks).

2- An ultrasound to measure the fluid behind the back of the neck

(Nuchal translucency) which needs to be performed in the third month of pregnancy (11 – 14 weeks).

Using the age of the mother plus the result of the test will provide the doctor the risk level of your pregnancy regarding chromosomal abnormality like Down syndrome. If the risk is low he would reassure you, but if the risk is high he would probably offer another test that is more definite.

Women who are older than 35 years of age or who had a previous baby with Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormalities can be offered a new blood test that provides a definite and accurate result as early as 10 weeks. The only drawback to this test is that it is expensive. Being pregnant is one of the most unique experiences a woman can go through. There will be many doctor visits, checkups and many questions roaming around in your head. Don’t be afraid to ask, but don’t let worries get the best of you. Enjoy this 9 month experience and take care of your own health and body.